How do you dissolve a poloxamer 407?
Poloxamer 407 aqueous solutions can be prepared by two methods; in both, the solubilization of the polymer in the aqueous phase is the starting point, but in the “cold” procedure, the dissolution is performed at 4 °C until a clear solution is formed, while in the “hot” method, the aqueous phase is heated to 70–90 °C.
Is poloxamer a surfactant 407?
Poloxamer 407 is a hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant of the more general class of copolymers known as poloxamers. Poloxamer 407 is a triblock copolymer consisting of a central hydrophobic block of polypropylene glycol flanked by two hydrophilic blocks of polyethylene glycol (PEG).
What is the difference between poloxamer 188 and 407?
PXM-188 is an ABA block type copolymer which contains around 80% POE units and 20% PPO units. PXM-407 is also an ABA block type copolymer, containing approximately 70% PEO and 30% PPO. PXM-407 exhibits reverse thermal gelation in concentrations above 20%, and has a non-toxic nature [6], [7].
What is the molecular weight of poloxamer 407?
approximately 12.6 kDa
The formal molecular weight of poloxamer 407 is approximately 12.6 kDa with the lengths of two PEO blocks of 101 repeat units and a PPO block of 56 repeat units [2, 4].
What are the side effects of poloxamer 407?
They are costly, and are known to cause side effects including ectopic bone formation, formation of seroma,9) neuropathy by neuritis, osteolysis, and soft tissue swelling. Moreover, the risk of retrograde ejaculation,11) male infertility and malignancy were also recently reported.
What is poloxamer 407 used for in mouthwash?
Poloxamer 407 is used in mouthwash to allow the blending of unblendable liquids. While research into the effects of poloxamer 407 on humans is ongoing, it is thought to be highly toxic and linked to breast cancer. This begs the question; why is it included in mouthwash? Saccharin is an artificial sweetener.
Is poloxamer 188 same as Pluronic f68?
Poloxamer 188 (Pluronic F-68, Flocor™) in its entirety is a complex polydisperse mixture of non-ionic macromolecules [1]. Each molecule consists of a central polypropylene oxide chain flanked at either end by a polyethylene oxide segment, thus forming an ABA block copolymer structure.
Why is poloxamer 407 used in toothpaste?
POLOXAMER 407 Different types of polymer are widely used for toothpastes as an emulsifier or as a surfactant. Poloxamer 407 is used in Brilliant Smile’s toothpaste and mouthwash, where the substance forms a thin protective surface that makes the tooth surface smoother.
What is Soluplus?
Soluplus (polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (PCL-PVAc-PEG)) (Figure 1) is a new pharmaceutical excipient designed originally for preparing solid solutions of poorly water-soluble drugs by hot-melt extrusion technology [20.
Is poloxamer 407 harmful?
Poloxamer 407 (Pluronic® F127, PEO99–PPO67–PEO99) is widely employed for drug delivery because it is reported to be non–toxic and can form gels at 25°C at a concentration of 20 wt% (Dumortier et al., 2006; Chiappetta and Sosnik, 2007; Nanjawade et al., 2007; Bromberg, 2008).
What is Pluronic used for?
Consequently, pluronic micelles are effectively used as drug carriers because their assemblies can act as passive drug containers. These assemblies deliver drugs into subcellular compartments by slowly releasing hydrophilic–hydrophobic encapsulated excipients into physiological fluids.
What is Pluronic f68?
Gibco® Pluronic® F-68 is a non-ionic surfactant used to control shear forces in suspension cultures. Pluronic® F-68 can also be used to reduce foaming in stirred cultures and reduce cell attachment to glass. Pluronic® F-68 is provided at a concentration of 10% and effective at a working concentration of 0.1%.
What is the concentration of poloxamer 407?
Purified poloxamer 407 was dissolved in 1X PBS, distilled water, or 1X tris buffer at 17.9 (w/v) concentration. Then, the rheometer was used to evaluate the prepared samples. Fig. 10, Fig. 11, and Table 4 show the rheological properties of poloxamer 407 (17.9 w/v) in 1X PBS, distilled water, and 1X tris buffer.
What is the role of ethanol in poloxamer 407?
For example, ethanol can be used as a co-solvent for incorporation and controlled precipitation of water insoluble active pharmaceutical ingredients within poloxamer 407 aqueous solution for drug delivery applications.
Do poloxamer block copolymers affect solubility?
Solubility enhancement is suppressed in poloxamer block copolymers with longer PEO blocks due to the weak interaction between the polar PEO and the hydrophobic drug. However, the thick PEO brush, which forms the micelle corona, also impedes the transport of drug into the micelle core [93,94].
What is the difference between unpurified and purified poloxamer 407?
The purified poloxamer 407 underwent sol-to-gel transition at lower temperature and the formed gel had a higher maximum recorded storage modulus as compared to unpurified poloxamer 407. Fig. 3. The impact of purification on gel formation. Purified poloxamer 407 goes into sol-to-gel transition at lower temperature.