What are the apertures of the diaphragm?
There are three main apertures: aortic hiatus (T12) (not a true aperture) esophageal hiatus (T10) vena caval foramen (T8)
What are the three openings in the diaphragm?
There are three large openings (holes) through the diaphragm:
- The esophageal opening (esophageal hiatus), through which the esophagus, right and left vagus nerves, and left gastric artery and vein pass.
- The aortic opening (aortic hiatus), through which the aorta, thoracic duct, and azygous vein pass.
What is the Crura of the diaphragm?
The crus of diaphragm (pl. crura), refers to one of two tendinous structures that extends below the diaphragm to the vertebral column. There is a right crus and a left crus, which together form a tether for muscular contraction. They take their name from their leg-shaped appearance – crus meaning leg in Latin.
How many apertures openings do you see in the diaphragm?
The diaphragm has 3 major openings and 5 minor openings. The vena caval trunk lies at the level of the T8 vertebra in the central tendon. It allows passage of Inferior vena cava and some branches of the right phrenic nerve.
What are the main functions of the diaphragm?
Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.
Does the diaphragm have several apertures?
There are three apertures in the diaphragm. The caval foramen allows passage of the caudal vena cava. It is the most ventral aperture and is located in the central tendon to the right of midline. The esophageal hiatus is located on the midline dorsal to the caval foramen.
What major structures pass through the apertures?
Structures passing through The structures that pass through the aortic hiatus are the aorta, the azygous vein and the thoracic duct.
Which of the following nerves Innervates the diaphragm?
The phrenic nerves
The phrenic nerves provide motor innervation to the diaphragm and work in conjunction with secondary respiratory muscles (trapezius, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, sternocleidomastoid, and intercostals) to allow respiration.
What is the origin insertion and action of the diaphragm?
Origin and insertion The diaphragm is a musculotendinous structure with a peripheral attachment to a number of bony structures. It is attached anteriorly to the xiphoid process and costal margin, laterally to the 11th and 12th ribs, and posteriorly to the lumbar vertebrae.
What does the diaphragm separate?
The diaphragm is a thin dome-shaped muscle which separates the thoracic cavity (lungs and heart) from the abdominal cavity (intestines, stomach, liver, etc.).
What is a crura?
“Crus” – pluralized, as in Latin, as “crura” – is used of the leg or hind limb, and specifically of the shank, the part of the leg between the ankle and the thigh. “Crus” is also used more broadly of any anatomical part that resembles a leg or a pair of legs.
Where do crura attach to vertebral column?
The posterior attachment to the vertebrae is by tendinous bands called crura. The crura are attached to the anterior aspect of the bodies of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae. The muscle fibres, extending from their bony attachments, converge on a central tendon.
What does the diaphragm do in respiration?
The diaphragm is one of the main muscles of respiration. When the muscle fibers contract, the diaphragm is flattened. This increases the volume of the thoracic cavity vertically, which decreases intrapulmonary pressure, and air enters the lungs.
What are the diaphragmatic apertures?
The diaphragmatic apertures are a series of apertures that permit the passage of structures between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. There are three main apertures: aortic hiatus (T12) (not a true aperture) esophageal hiatus (T10) vena cav…
How is the diaphragm innervated?
The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerve which ensures that it functions properly. The diaphragm is pierced by various apertures to permit of the passage of structures, like important blood vessels, nerves and muscular structures like the esophagus, between the thorax and abdomen.
What is the structure of the diaphragm?
The diaphragm is a parachute-shaped muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. It represents the floor of the thoracic cavity and the ceiling of the abdominal cavity. There are 3 openings (holes) through the diaphragm: The esophageal opening: Through which the esophagus passes.