What is algae protoplasts?
Protoplast is a viable cell whose wall and other materials external to the plasmalemma have been removed, but it retains all internal components. Algae, from which the protoplasts are induced, are always grown as liquid cultures. The exogenous hydrolytic enzymes are the main inducers of protoplast formation.
What are protoplasts and spheroplasts?
Both protoplasts and spheroplasts refer to altered forms of plant, bacterial or fungal cells from which the cell wall has been partially or completely removed. Protoplasts are bounded by a single membrane while spheroplasts have two – an inner membrane and an outer membrane.
Which method is used for protoplast culture?
Enzymatic method is a very widely used technique for the isolation of protoplasts. The advantages of enzymatic method include good yield of viable cells, and minimal or no damage to the protoplasts.
What are protoplasts used for?
Protoplasts can be used to study membrane biology, including the uptake of macromolecules and viruses . These are also used in somaclonal variation. Protoplasts are widely used for DNA transformation (for making genetically modified organisms), since the cell wall would otherwise block the passage of DNA into the cell.
Why are protoplasts easily damaged?
Protoplasts and spheroplasts are osmotically sensitive; they vary in size with the osmotic pressure of the suspending medium and, if the medium is much diluted, they swell up and perish by lysis.
What can protoplasts be used for?
What is protoplasts culture?
CELL, TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE | Protoplast Culture Plant protoplasts are cells without cell walls. It also allows isolated genes to be directly introduced into the genome in the form of DNA and protoplasts from different plants to be fused.
Why are protoplasts used?
Protoplasts are widely used for DNA transformation (for making genetically modified organisms), since the cell wall would otherwise block the passage of DNA into the cell. Protoplasts may also be used for plant breeding, using a technique called protoplast fusion.
Why are protoplasts circular?
Protoplasts are cells which have had their cell wall removed, usually by digestion with enzymes. Cellulase enzymes digest the cellulose in plant cell walls while pectinase enzymes break down the pectin holding cells together. Once the cell wall has been removed the resulting protoplast is spherical in shape.
What is a protoplast of algae?
This chapter describes the protoplasts of eukaryotic algae and discusses the advantages and problems of working with them. Protoplast is a viable cell whose wall and other materials external to the plasmalemma have been removed, but it retains all internal components.
Why fusion of protoplasts in microalgae constitutes a tool for strain improvement?
The fusion of protoplasts in microalgae constitutes a tool for strain improvement because it allows both intra and interspecific genetic recombina-tion, resulting in organisms with new or improved characteristics of industrial interest.
What are protoplasts and how can they be obtained?
This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn’t claimed this research yet. Protoplasts are microbial or vegetable cells lacking a cell wall. These can be obtained from microalgae by an enzymatic hydrolysis process in the presence of an osmotic stabilizer.
What is protoplast isolation and manipulation?
Ever since Hanstein, in 1880 [ 19 ], first used the term protoplast to describe the plasmolyzed content of a cell enclosed by the plasma membrane, and the possibility of removing the cell wall from a cell [ 19 ], protoplast isolation and manipulation have become important methodologies in plant cell research.