What is crista terminalis?
Background. A prominent crista terminalis is a well-defined fibromuscular ridge formed by the junction of the sinus venosus and primitive right atrium (RA) extending along the posterolateral aspect of the right atrial wall, which is a normal anatomic variant and recognized by echocardiography occasionally [1, 2].
Where are pectinate muscles found?
The pectinate muscles are “teeth of a comb” shaped parallel muscular columns that are present on the inner wall of the right and left atria. The right atrium has thick and coarse pectinate muscles while these are few smooth and thinner in the left atrium.
Is sulcus terminalis same as crista terminalis?
The terminal sulcus is a groove in the right atrium of the heart. The terminal sulcus marks the separation of the right atrial pectinate muscles from the sinus venarum. On the internal aspect of the right atrium, corresponding to the terminal sulcus is the crista terminalis. …
What is the function of pectinate muscles?
The pectinate muscle folds act as RA volume reserve during adverse loading conditions . It helps RA dilate with out much wall stress.
Which is situated in upper part of crista terminalis?
The crista terminalis is a vertical ridge of smooth myocardium within the right atrium of the heart. The sinuatrial node is within the upper part of the crista terminalis. On the external surface of the heart, the crista terminalis occasionally is represented as the sulcus terminalis.
What is Koch’s triangle?
Koch’s triangle, named after the German pathologist and cardiologist Walter Karl Koch, is an anatomical area located in the superficial paraseptal endocardium of the right atrium, which its boundaries are the coronary sinus orifice, tendon of Todaro, and septal leaflet of the right atrioventricular valve.
What muscles are in the atria?
The main muscles forming the right atrial wall are the terminal crest and terminal pectinate muscles. The terminal crest, the most obvious muscle, is arranged longitudinally with its pectinate muscles connecting to the musculature of the atrioventricular vestibule.
Where are the greatest proportion of musculi pectinati found?
The musculi pectinati of the atria are internal muscular ridges generally on the anterolateral surface of the chambers. They are only present in the area derived from the embryological true atrium. In the right atrium, this is the area lateral to the crista terminalis.
What is right atrial appendage?
The right atrial appendage (RAA) is defined as the pectinate anterior region of the right atrium, extending from the posterior of the crista terminalis to the anterior of the triangulated component [1].
What is the meaning of Pectinate?
Definition of pectinate : having narrow parallel projections or divisions suggestive of the teeth of a comb pectinate antennae.
What is the sinus venarum Cavarum?
sinus of the vena cava the portion of the cavity of the right atrium of the heart that receives the blood from the venae cavae; it is separated from the rest of the atrium by the crista terminalis. Synonym(s): sinus venarum cavarum [TA]
What artery supplies Koch triangle?
What are the characteristics of the pectinate muscle?
Pectinate muscles are specialized Intracardiac muscle. Pectinate muscles are located mainly in the right atrium, more in right atrial appendage, sparse in left atrium. Has muscle fibers arranged in a comb like fashion. Has less mechanical activity, no significant contribution to atrial contractility.
Is the musculi pectinati of the right atrium complex?
The complex architecture of the right atrium, crista terminalis (CT), and the musculi pectinati (MP) poses enormous challenges in electrophysiology and cardiac conduction. Few studies have been undertaken to substantiate the gross features of MP, in relation to the CT, but there is still scarcity of data regarding this.
What is the origin of the musculi pectinati?
It is an important anatomic landmark due to its close association with sinoatrial nodal artery and the origin of the musculi pectinati (MP, pectinate muscles). The MP are muscular ridges that extend anterolaterally from the CT to reach the auricle and may present in a number of variable forms and shapes/sizes.
What are the pectinate muscles of the atria?
Pectinate muscles of the atria are different from the trabeculae carneae which are found on the inner walls of both ventricles. The pectinate muscles originate from the crista terminalis. This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 529 of the 20th edition of Gray’s Anatomy (1918)