What is the difference between croup and epiglottitis?

Croup and epiglottitis are both infections of the upper airway. Croup is inflammation affecting the larynx, trachea, and bronchial tubes, while epiglottitis is inflammation of the epiglottis. Croup is common in young children and isn’t generally serious.

What are the 4 D’s of epiglottitis?

The throat is inflamed, and the epiglottis is swollen, stiff, and a beefy red color. The disease can progress rapidly resulting in toxicity, prostration, severe dyspnea, and cyanosis. The physician should be watchful for dysphagia, dysphonia, drooling, and distress—the four D’s.

Which is the best way to care for a child with croup or epiglottitis?

Treatment of croup is typically supportive and requires placing the patient in a position of comfort and administering humidified oxygen if available.

What is croup Slideshare?

Croup Croup is a common primarily pediatric viral respiratory tract illness Its alternative names, laryngotracheitis and laryngotracheobronchitis 6/16/2014 Croup in children Prof.Dr.Saad S Al Ani 4. It is the most common etiology for hoarseness, cough, and onset of acute stridor in febrile children Croup (cont.)

Can you have croup and epiglottitis?

Epiglottitis is a bacterial infection, while viruses cause nearly all cases of acute laryngitis and croup.

What causes epiglottitis?

The most common cause of epiglottitis in children in the past was infection with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), the same bacterium that causes pneumonia, meningitis and infections in the bloodstream. Epiglottitis can occur at any age.

Is croup an epiglottitis?

Epiglottitis, acute laryngitis, and croup (acute laryngotracheobronchitis) are infections of the upper airway, affecting the epiglottis, larynx, and larynx and trachea, respectively. Epiglottitis is a bacterial infection, while viruses cause nearly all cases of acute laryngitis and croup.

What causes croup?

Croup is most commonly caused by a virus. It is sometimes, but rarely, caused by bacteria, allergies, or reflux from the stomach. Viruses that are known to cause croup are: Parainfluenza virus.

What is the pathophysiology of croup?

Croup causes swelling of the larynx, trachea, and large bronchi due to infiltration of white blood cells. Swelling results in partial airway obstruction which, when significant, results in dramatically increased work of breathing, and the characteristic turbulent, noisy airflow known as stridor.

What are the complications of croup?

Complications of croup

Fast or difficult breathing.
Stridor.
Decreased activity and lethargy.
Poor feeding with signs of dehydration.
Drooling or difficulty swallowing.
Blue or grey skin around the nose, mouth or fingernails.

How is epiglottitis diagnosed?

With epiglottitis, the X-ray may reveal what looks like a thumbprint in the neck, an indication of an enlarged epiglottis. Throat culture and blood tests. For the culture, the epiglottis is wiped with a cotton swab and the tissue sample is checked for Hib .

What is the prognosis of croup?

Children with mild croup usually improve in three to seven days. Croup can present with more severe symptoms and breathing issues that don’t resolve with simple home measures. If you have concerns about your child’s breathing, you should bring them for medical evaluation right away.

What are the signs and symptoms of croup?

Signs and symptoms of croup Croup usually begins like a normal cold, e.g. fever, runny nose and cough. Your child’s cough will change to become harsh and barking, and might sound like a seal. Your child’s voice may be hoarse. When your child breathes in, they may make a squeaky, high pitched noise, which is called stridor.

What is the prognosis of epiglottitis?

What is the outlook/prognosis for patients with epiglottitis? With quick and correct treatment, most people with epiglottitis recover in about 1 week and can leave the hospital in 5 to 7 days. Fewer than 1 in 100 cases result in death.

What are the possible complications of croup?

Croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus. The infection leads to swelling inside the trachea, which interferes with normal breathing and produces the classic symptoms of “barking/brassy” cough, stridor and a hoarse voice. Fever and runny nose may also be present. These symptoms may be mild, moderate, or severe.